0314 - St Militiades ends his reign as Catholic Pope
0532 - Nika-revolt against Justianus & Theodora in Hippodrome, Constantinople
0705 - John VI ends his reign as Catholic Pope
1158 - Vladislav II of Bohemia becomes king
1558 - Westmunster Church in Middelburg destroyed by heavy storm
1569 - 1st recorded lottery in England is drawn at St Paul's Cathedral
1571 - Emperor Maximilian II grants Austrian adel freedom of religion
1693 - Mt Etna erupts, Sicily
1753 - Ferdinand VI of Spain & Pope Benedictus XIV sign concord
1758 - Russian troops occupy Königsberg, East-Prussia
1759 - 1st American life insurance company incorporated, Philadelphia
1774 - Messier adds M51 (spiral galaxy in Canes Venatici) to his catalog
1775 - Francis Salvador becomes 1st Jew elected to office in America (SC)
1785 - Continental Congress convenes in New York City NY
1787 - Titania & Oberon, moons of Uranus, discovered by William Herschel
1790 - Statisten & Vonckisten unite as Belgium
1803 - Monroe & Livingston sail for Paris to buy New Orleans; they buy Louisiana
1805 - Michigan Territory is organized
1813 - 1st pineapples planted in Hawaii
1839 - Earthquake at Martinique destroys half of Port Royal-700 die
1861 - Alabama becomes 4th state to secede; Mexico City captured by Juárez (Liberal) in War of the Reform
1863 - Naval engagement near Galveston between CSS Alabama & USS Hatteras; Union forces capture Arkansas Post, or Fort Hindman, AR
1865 - Battle of Beverly, WV
1866 - Steamship London sinks in storm off Land's End, England, kills 220
1879 - Zulu war against British colonial rule in South Africa begins
1892 - William D. McCoy of Indiana appointed US minister to Liberia
1897 - M.H. Cannon becomes 1st woman state senator in US (Utah)
1904 - Herero people of South West Africa, now Namibia, begin uprising
1913 - 1st sedan-type car (Hudson) goes on display at 13th Auto Show (New York City, NY); Bread & Roses Strike begins
1916 - French troops capture/Serbian army flees to Corfu
1919 - 3 year old German communist party (Spartacus) crushed; Romania annexes Transylvania
1920 - French passenger ship Afrique sinks near La Rochelle; 553 die
1922 - Insulin 1st used to treat diabetes (Leonard Thompson, 14, of Canada)
1923 - French & Belgian troops occupy Ruhr to collect reparations
1925 - Franc B. Kellogg replaces Charles Hughes as US Secretary of State
1935 - Amelia Earhart flies non-stop from Honolulu, HI to Oakland, CA
1936 - Charles Anderson enters Kentucky House of Representatives
1938 - Frances Moulton elected 1st woman president of a US national bank
1942 - Japan conquers Kuala Lumpur, Malaya
1943 - US & Britain relinquish extraterritorial rights in China
1944 - Crakow-Plaszow Concentration Camp established
1946 - People's Republic of Albania established; Enver Hoxha declares People's Republic of Albania with himself dictator
1949 - Snowfall 1st recorded in Los Angeles
1960 - Chad declares independence from France
1962 - Nelson Mandela leaves South Africa, travels to Ethiopia, Algeria & England; Volcano Huascaran in Peru, erupts; 4,000 die
1963 - 1st discotheque opens, The Whiskey-a-go-go in Los Angeles CA
1964 - US Surgeon General Luther Terry reports that smoking may be hazardous; Panamá ends diplomatic relations with US
1966 - 550 die in landslides in mountains behind Rio de Janeiro after rain
1968 - Explorer 36 (GEOS-B) launched into earth orbit (1080/1570 km)
1971 - 1st "Quickie" Divorce granted in UK
1972 - Abu Sayeed Chudhury becomes president & sheik Mujib ur-Rahman premier; East-Pakistan becomes independent state of Bangladesh
1973 - Trial of the Watergate burglars begins in Washington DC
1975 - Soyuz 17 carries 2 cosmonauts to space station Salyut 4
1976 - Military coup in Ecuador, President Guillermo Lara leaves
1977 - France releases Abu Daoud, a Palestinian suspected of involvement in the massacre of Israeli athletes at the 1972 Munich Olympics
1978 - Soyuz 27 links with Salyut 6 & Soyuz 26 (1st time 3 spacecraft link)
1981 - British team led by Ranulph Fiennes completes longest & fastest crossing of Antarctica, reaching Scott base after 75 days (2,500 miles); Palau adopts constitution
1982 - Atlanta GA's temperature goes below zeroº F; Honduras adopts constitution
1984 - Supreme Court reinstated $10M award to Karen Silkwood's family
1986 - 1st black Lieutenant-Governor since reconstruction sworn in (Douglas Wilder of Virginia)
1989 - 140 nations agree to ban chemical weapons (poison gas, etc); Kindergarten student caught with loaded handgun at Bronx school
1990 - 200,000 demand return of Lithuania's independence
1991 - Congress empowers George H.W. Bush to order attack on Iraq; Soviets storm buildings in Vilnius to block Lithuania independence
1992 - Algeria's President Chadli announces his resignation
1993 - Independent presidential candidate Ross Perot publicly returns to politics
1994 - Irish government announces end of a 20-year broadcasting ban on IRA
1995 - DC-9 crashes near Maria La Baya, Colombia 51 die, 9 yr old girl lives
1996 - Space Shuttle STS 72 (Endeavour 10), launches into space
1997 - Telstar 401 Satellite Fails

Birthdays
1403 - Jan IV, Duke of Brabant/Limburg
1720 - Gijsbert John van Hardenbroeck, Utrechts regent
1757 - Alexander Hamilton, 1st US Secretary of Treasury ($10 face)
1807 - Alfred Eugene "Mudwall" Jackson, Confederate Brigadier General
1814 - James Paget English surgeon (disease of Paget); Richard Griffith, Confederate Brigadier General
1815 - Sir John A. MacDonald (C), 1st PM of Canada (1867-73)
1816 - Fitz-Henry Warren, Union Brevet Major General
1818 - John Reese Kenly, Union Brevet Major General
1831 - James Ronald Chalmers, Confederate Brigadier General
1852 - Konstantin Fehrenbach, German chancellor (1920-21)
1878 - Theodorus Pangalos, Greek General /dictator (1926)
1903 - Alan Paton, South African writer (Cry, the Beloved Country)
1904 - Frederick Boland, Irish diplomat/President (UN General Assembly)
1905 - Pierre Mendes-France, French Premier (1954-55)
1906 - Albert Hofmann, chemist (discovered LSD)
1910 - Trygve Martin Bratteli, Norwegian PM (Labour) (1971-72, 1973-76)
1912 - Roger Lewis, aviation exec (Lockheed, Curtiss Wright, Pan Am)
1916 - James H. (Jimmy) Quillen (Representative-TN, 1963-1997)
1922 - Neville Duke, English test pilot
1926 - Grant Tinker, broadcasting executive (NBC-TV); Lev Stepanovich Demin, cosmonaut (Soyuz 15)
1934 - Jean Chrétien, Canada PM (Liberal, 1993-2003)

Passings
0705 - John VI, Catholic Pope (701-05)
1055 - Constantine IX Monomachos, emperor of Byzantium
1775 - Yemelyan Ivanovich Pugachev, Cossack rebel, executed by tsarist Russia
1797 - Francis Lightfoot Lee, US farmer (signer Declaration of Independence), dies at 62
1843 - Francis Scott Key, composer (Star Spangled Banner), dies at 63
1891 - Georges-Eugène Haussmann, French senator/baron, dies at 81
1893 - Benjamin F. Butler, US General /presidential candidate (anti-monopoly), dies at 74
1914 - Ambrose Bierce, writer, dies at 71
1923 - Constantine I, King of Greece (1913-17, 20-22), dies at 54
1929 - Julio Antonio Mella, Cuban revolutionary, murdered at about 28
1943 - Carlo Tresca, NY's Italian newspaper editor/anti-fascist, murdered
1944 - Galeazzo, Count of Cortellazzo Ciano, Italian politician
1952 - Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, General (North-Africa/Indo-China), dies at 61
1953 - Ernst H. Ridder Rappard, Dutch Nazi founder (NSNAP), dies at 53; Noach Zjordanija, Georgian Premier (1918-21), dies at 84
1955 - Rodolfo Graziani, Italian East-Africa Minister of Defense, dies at 72
1959 - Dr Mohammed Zakaria Ghoneinl discoverer of 6,000 year old pyramid
1966 - Lal Bahadur Shastri, Indian premier (1964-66), dies at 61
1983 - Nikolaj V. Podgorny, president USSR, dies at 79
1988 - Gregory (Pappy) Boyington, ace WWII pilot, dies at 75 of cancer; Isidor Isaac Rabi, nuclear physicist (Nobel Prize-1944), dies at 89
1995 - Adrian J. "Ad" Kaland, Dutch MP (CDA 1977-93), dies at 72

Reported Missing in Action
1966
Godfrey, Johnny Howard, USAF (AZ); A1H shot down, KIA, body not recovered

1968
The following USN personnel reported MIA when their OP2E crashed; all determined KIA, body not recovered:
Anderson, Denis L. (KS)

Buck, Arthur C. (OH)

Mancini, Richard M. (NY)

Olson, Delbert A. (ND); pilot

Roberts, Michael L. (MS)

Siow, Gale R. (CA)

Stevens, Phillip P. (MI)

Thoresen, Donald N. (MI)

Widon, Kenneth H. (MI)

1970
Chorlins, Richard David, USAF (MO); A1H shot down, KIA, body not recovered